Egyptian Industrial Firm Behavior Survey, EIFBS 2020/21
Egypt, Arab Rep., 2020 - 2021
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Reference ID
EGY-EIFBS_2020_V1.0
Producer(s)
Amirah El-Haddad (IDOS), German Institute of Development and Sustainability
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Created on
Apr 26, 2023
Last modified
Apr 26, 2023
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Identification
Survey ID
EGY-EIFBS_2020_V1.0
Title
Egyptian Industrial Firm Behavior Survey, EIFBS 2020/21
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Egypt | EGY |
Study type
Enterprise Survey [en/oth]
Series information
The German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS) provided the financial contribution under MENA project #: 9002101 directly funded by the German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development, the BMZ. All documentation available for the original survey provided by Amirah El-Haddad, Senior Economist, Program Transformation of Economic and Social Systems, MENA project, the German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS). Amirah El-Haddad designed the two questionnaires for open and closed firms.
The 2020/21 Egyptian Industrial Firm Behavior Survey (EIFBS) is a self-designed, freshly collected and unique dataset of 2,383 Egyptian manufacturing firms. It is the first of its sort to contribute to our systematic understanding of the behavior and nature of the industrial firm in Egypt. It thus compliments the picture provided by the series of Labor Market Panel Surveys in Egypt (1988, 1998, 2006, 2012 and 2018). Labor Market surveys show mainly one side of the coin, namely labor supply, the demand side remained systematically hidden. Since the data was collected during the second COVID-19 wave, two questionnaires were administered, one for firms that are still in operation, and another, very similar one, for firms that have exited the market or have temporarily shut down operations. The questionnaire includes 14 modules: basic firm identification data, firm size, firm expectations on recovery and potential exit, changes in firm performance, pandemic transmission channels, ownership and management characteristics, innovation, management practices and use of information technology (IT), production costs, obstacles to operation, exports and global value chains, obstacles to exports, worker training and government support. The dataset can therefore enable the examination of a wide spectrum of pertinent issues concerning the goods market in Egypt.
The 2020/21 Egyptian Industrial Firm Behavior Survey (EIFBS) is a self-designed, freshly collected and unique dataset of 2,383 Egyptian manufacturing firms. It is the first of its sort to contribute to our systematic understanding of the behavior and nature of the industrial firm in Egypt. It thus compliments the picture provided by the series of Labor Market Panel Surveys in Egypt (1988, 1998, 2006, 2012 and 2018). Labor Market surveys show mainly one side of the coin, namely labor supply, the demand side remained systematically hidden. Since the data was collected during the second COVID-19 wave, two questionnaires were administered, one for firms that are still in operation, and another, very similar one, for firms that have exited the market or have temporarily shut down operations. The questionnaire includes 14 modules: basic firm identification data, firm size, firm expectations on recovery and potential exit, changes in firm performance, pandemic transmission channels, ownership and management characteristics, innovation, management practices and use of information technology (IT), production costs, obstacles to operation, exports and global value chains, obstacles to exports, worker training and government support. The dataset can therefore enable the examination of a wide spectrum of pertinent issues concerning the goods market in Egypt.
Abstract
<p style="border:solid thin black;"> THE CLEANED AND HARMONIZED VERSION OF THE SURVEY DATA PRODUCED AND PUBLISHED BY THE ECONOMIC RESEARCH FORUM REPRESENTS 100% OF THE ORIGINAL SURVEY DATA PROVIDED BY AMIRAH EL-HADDAD</p>
The 2020/21 Egyptian Industrial Firm Behavior Survey (EIFBS) dataset enables the examination of a wide spectrum of pertinent issues concerning the goods market in Egypt. The range of topics includes production structures, productivity, firm transitions, labor demand, trade, global value chains (GVCs), industrial zones, industrial policy, employment, informality, resilience, profitability, technology, innovation, IT and government support. Since the survey was administered during the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of modules include information pre- and post- the crisis which allow the study of a number of issues around the effect on, resilience and survival of the Egyptian manufacturing firm. The data allow disaggregation by firm size, employment by gender, formality status and other characteristics of interest. In summary, the main objective of the survey is to provide high quality data that allows the examination of everything around the industrial firm in Egypt in ordinary times but also during a crisis.
The 2020/21 Egyptian Industrial Firm Behavior Survey (EIFBS) dataset enables the examination of a wide spectrum of pertinent issues concerning the goods market in Egypt. The range of topics includes production structures, productivity, firm transitions, labor demand, trade, global value chains (GVCs), industrial zones, industrial policy, employment, informality, resilience, profitability, technology, innovation, IT and government support. Since the survey was administered during the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of modules include information pre- and post- the crisis which allow the study of a number of issues around the effect on, resilience and survival of the Egyptian manufacturing firm. The data allow disaggregation by firm size, employment by gender, formality status and other characteristics of interest. In summary, the main objective of the survey is to provide high quality data that allows the examination of everything around the industrial firm in Egypt in ordinary times but also during a crisis.
Kind of data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of analysis
Firms
Version
Version
V1.0: A cleaned and harmonized version of the survey dataset, produced by the Economic Research Forum for dissemination.
Version date
2023-04
Version notes
The Economic Research Forum produces and releases only the harmonized version in both SPSS and STATA formats.
Scope
Notes
The survey covers 14 modules: basic firm identification data, firm size and employment, status of the firm and firm expectations on recovery and potential exit, changes in firm performance, pandemic transmission channels, ownership and management characteristics, innovation, management practices and use of IT, production costs, obstacles to operation, exports and global value chains, obstacles to exports, worker training and government support.
Coverage
Geographic coverage
Covering a sample of urban Governorates, lower and upper Egypt
Universe
The survey covered a national sample of industrial establishments with 5 employees or more.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Amirah El-Haddad (IDOS) | Amirah.El-Haddad@idos-research.de; Amirah.elhaddad@feps.edu.eg |
| German Institute of Development and Sustainability | IDOS |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name |
|---|
| Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (Germany) |
| German Institute of Development and Sustainability |
Sampling
Sampling procedure
The 2020/21 Egyptian Industrial Firm Behavior Survey (EIFBS) is a new data set of 2,383 manufacturing firms. The data were collected at the beginning of the second wave of COVID-19 extending to the height of it. EIFBS firms comprise a multistage stratified sample drawn from the 2017 economic census sample of 33,331 establishments, which is itself drawn from a sample of 117,149 establishments, the latter covering three other censuses, namely the population, housing and establishments' census.
The EIFBS sample design is based on three parameters to ensure that the sample produces representative and precise estimates at the national level. These parameters are number of employees, region (urban governorates, lower and upper Egypt) and economic activity level (2 digits). The sample frame, however, excludes firms with less than 5 employees and thus is only representative of small, medium and large enterprises (SMEs). This also implies that informal firms - albeit present - are underrepresented in our sample.
First, the sample was allocated proportionally among the three regions (urban governorates, lower Egypt, and upper Egypt), which cover 99.2% of industrial establishments in Egypt. A systematic random sample was drawn to select three governorates from each region using Probability Proportional to Size (PPS). The industrial establishments in each region were allocated among governorates proportional to their size (measured by employment). Next, a systematic random sample was used to select the establishments in each governorate after sorting the establishments according to the number of employees and economic activity at the 4 digits level.
The EIFBS sample design is based on three parameters to ensure that the sample produces representative and precise estimates at the national level. These parameters are number of employees, region (urban governorates, lower and upper Egypt) and economic activity level (2 digits). The sample frame, however, excludes firms with less than 5 employees and thus is only representative of small, medium and large enterprises (SMEs). This also implies that informal firms - albeit present - are underrepresented in our sample.
First, the sample was allocated proportionally among the three regions (urban governorates, lower Egypt, and upper Egypt), which cover 99.2% of industrial establishments in Egypt. A systematic random sample was drawn to select three governorates from each region using Probability Proportional to Size (PPS). The industrial establishments in each region were allocated among governorates proportional to their size (measured by employment). Next, a systematic random sample was used to select the establishments in each governorate after sorting the establishments according to the number of employees and economic activity at the 4 digits level.
Response rates
The response rate is 75%, meaning that 2,383 establishments were successfully interviewed of which 2338 are in operation and 45 firms have either exited the market or are temporarily closed. Of the 766 firms not interviewed, an unknown number, but probably a higher proportion, have also exited the market.
Weighting
Since the 2017 economic census is a sample by itself, its probabilities were computed as follows: the establishments were classified into many strata (about 252 strata) based on the economic activity (2 digits) and the number of employees (1- 4, 5-9 and 10+), and the selected probability of the establishment from the strata number h in the governorate (9 governorates) number i is calculated as
P_hi=n_hi/N_hi,
where P_hi is the probability of selecting the establishment from the strata number h in the governorate number i , n_hi is the sample size in the strata number h the governorate number i, and N_hi is total number of establishments in the strata number h in the governorate number i.
The response rate in the strata number h is calculated as
R_hi=C_hi/E_hi,
where R_hi is response rate in the strata number h in the governorate number i , C_hi is the number of completed establishments and E_hi is the number of eligible establishments in the strata number h in the governorate number i.
As for the 2020/21 Egyptian industrial firm behavior survey the probabilities were calculated based on the following: the establishments were classified into many strata based on the governorates economics activity (2 digits) and the number of employees (5- 19, 20-100, 101-400 and 401+) in the governorate number i, and the selection probability of the establishment from the strata number h in the governorate number i is calculated as
P_ri=n_ri/N_ri,
where P_ri is the probability of selecting the establishment from the strata number r in the governorate number i, n_ri is the sample size , and N_ri is total number of establishments in the 2017 economic census in the strata number r in the governorate number i.
The response rate in the strata number r in the governorate number i calculated as
R_ri=C_ri/E_ri ,
where R-ri is response rate in the strata number h in the governorate number i, C_ri is the number of completed establishments and E_ri is the number of eligible establishments in the strata number r in the governorate number i.
The weight of the kth establishment in the economic census strata number h and the Egyptian industrial firm behavior survey strata number r in the governorate number i is calculated as
W_khri=1/(P_hi * R_hi * P_ri * R_ri * P_i),
where P_i is the selection probability of the governorate number i is calculated as
P_i=3*N_i/N_s,
where N_i is total number of establishments in the 2017 economic census in the governorate number i and N_s is total number of establishments in the 2017 economic census in the region of governorate number i
Finally, the above weights are standardized. For more details please see the Sampling Design document.
P_hi=n_hi/N_hi,
where P_hi is the probability of selecting the establishment from the strata number h in the governorate number i , n_hi is the sample size in the strata number h the governorate number i, and N_hi is total number of establishments in the strata number h in the governorate number i.
The response rate in the strata number h is calculated as
R_hi=C_hi/E_hi,
where R_hi is response rate in the strata number h in the governorate number i , C_hi is the number of completed establishments and E_hi is the number of eligible establishments in the strata number h in the governorate number i.
As for the 2020/21 Egyptian industrial firm behavior survey the probabilities were calculated based on the following: the establishments were classified into many strata based on the governorates economics activity (2 digits) and the number of employees (5- 19, 20-100, 101-400 and 401+) in the governorate number i, and the selection probability of the establishment from the strata number h in the governorate number i is calculated as
P_ri=n_ri/N_ri,
where P_ri is the probability of selecting the establishment from the strata number r in the governorate number i, n_ri is the sample size , and N_ri is total number of establishments in the 2017 economic census in the strata number r in the governorate number i.
The response rate in the strata number r in the governorate number i calculated as
R_ri=C_ri/E_ri ,
where R-ri is response rate in the strata number h in the governorate number i, C_ri is the number of completed establishments and E_ri is the number of eligible establishments in the strata number r in the governorate number i.
The weight of the kth establishment in the economic census strata number h and the Egyptian industrial firm behavior survey strata number r in the governorate number i is calculated as
W_khri=1/(P_hi * R_hi * P_ri * R_ri * P_i),
where P_i is the selection probability of the governorate number i is calculated as
P_i=3*N_i/N_s,
where N_i is total number of establishments in the 2017 economic census in the governorate number i and N_s is total number of establishments in the 2017 economic census in the region of governorate number i
Finally, the above weights are standardized. For more details please see the Sampling Design document.
Survey instrument
Questionnaires
Two questionnaires were administered, one for firms that are still in operation, and another, very similar one, for firms that have exited the market or have temporarily shut down operations. Only four modules are slightly different. The main difference is that for temporarily closed or closed firms there are no values for current variables such as production, exports, employment or revenues.
The questionnaire has 14 modules: basic firm identification data, firm size, firm expectations on recovery and potential exit, changes in firm performance, pandemic transmission channels, ownership and management characteristics, innovation, management practices and use of IT, production costs, obstacles to operation, exports and global value chains, obstacles to exports, worker training and government support.
The questionnaire has 14 modules: basic firm identification data, firm size, firm expectations on recovery and potential exit, changes in firm performance, pandemic transmission channels, ownership and management characteristics, innovation, management practices and use of IT, production costs, obstacles to operation, exports and global value chains, obstacles to exports, worker training and government support.
Data collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-05 |
Data Collectors
| Name |
|---|
| Cairo Center for Development Benchmarking |
Data Access
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum | ERF | www.erf.org.eg | erfdataportal@erf.org.eg |
Confidentiality
| Is signing of a confidentiality declaration required? | Confidentiality declaration text |
|---|---|
| yes |
To access the micro data, researchers are required to register on the ERF website and comply with the data access agreement. The data will be used only for scholarly research, or educational purposes. Users are prohibited from using data acquired from the Economic Research Forum in the pursuit of any commercial or private ventures. |
Access conditions
Licensed datasets, accessible under conditions.
Citation requirement
The users should cite the German Institute of Development and Sustainability and the Economic Research Forum as follows:
OAMDI, 2023. Egyptian Industrial Firm Behavior Survey (EIFBS), http://www.erfdataportal.com/index.php/catalog. Version 1.0 of Licensed Data Files; EIFBS 2020/2021- German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS); Amirah El-Haddad. Egypt: Economic Research Forum (ERF).
OAMDI, 2023. Egyptian Industrial Firm Behavior Survey (EIFBS), http://www.erfdataportal.com/index.php/catalog. Version 1.0 of Licensed Data Files; EIFBS 2020/2021- German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS); Amirah El-Haddad. Egypt: Economic Research Forum (ERF).
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The Economic Research Forum has granted the researcher access to relevant data following exhaustive efforts to protect the confidentiality of individual data. The researcher is solely responsible for any analysis or conclusions drawn from available data.
Copyright
(c) 2023, Economic Research Forum
Contacts
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum - 21 Al-Sad Al-Aaly St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt | ERF | erfdataportal@erf.org.eg | www.erf.org.eg |
Metadata production
Document ID
EGY_EIFBS_2020_V1.0
Producers
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum | ERF | Cleaning and harmonizing raw data received from Amirah El-Haddad Senior Economist at the German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS) |
Date of metadata production
2023-04
Metadata version
Version
Version 1.0