Household Income, Expenditure, and Consumption Survey, HIECS 2004/2005
Egypt, 2004 - 2005
Economic Research Forum, Central Agency For Public Mobilization & Statistics
Identification
Survey ID Number
EGY_HIECS_2004_HD_V2.0
Title
Household Income, Expenditure, and Consumption Survey, HIECS 2004/2005
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Egypt | EGY |
Study type
Income/Expenditure/Household Survey [hh/ies]
Series Information
The first survey of income and expenditure, planned to be pilot, was undertaken in 1955. It was planned and carried out by the Committee of Statistic in three villages of Giza governorate (4000 households) on a sample of 750 households.
In 1958/59, the first national survey was conducted in all governorates of Egypt on a sample of 6376 households distributed between urban and rural areas with a percentage of 51.5% and 48.5% respectively. All sample households were observed for the entire survey period (12 month).
The second survey was held in 1964/65 on a sample of 13818 households allocated between urban and rural areas such as 67.6% for urban and 32.4%for rural households. With the aim of reducing the burden on surveyed households, the whole sample was divided into four sub-samples where households of each sub-sample were observed for only three consecutive months.
In 1974/75, the third survey was carried out on a sample of 11995 households allocated between urban and rural areas in a similar way as the second survey. Like the second survey, households were observed only for three successive months.
In 1981/82, the fourth survey was conducted on a sample of 17000 households distributed equally between urban and rural areas. A new observation methodology, combining fixed and changeable observation of surveyed households, has been applied. A sub-sample of 1000 households was observed all over the survey period (12 months) while the remaining 16000 households were observed on a changeable basis.
In 1990/91, the name of household budgetary survey changed to income, expenditure and consumption survey. Under the new name, the fifth survey was conducted on a sample of 15000 households distributed between urban and rural areas with the percentage of 60% for urban and 40% for rural. The entire sample was divided into 12 sub-samples, each were observed for only one month.
In 1995/96, the sixth survey was conducted on a sample of 15090 households allocated between urban and rural areas such as 45.1% in urban and 54.9% in rural. The same observation scheme of the previous survey was applied, i.e., households were observed for one month only.
In 1999/2000, the seventh survey was conducted on a sample of 48000 households (4000 household monthly) distributed between urban and rural areas with the percentage of 60% for urban and 40% for rural.(households were observed for one month only).
The latest survey (the eighth in the series) was conducted in 2004/2005 on a sample of 48000 households (4000 households monthly) distributed in urban and rural areas with percentage of 46.4% for urban and 53.6% for rural.
In 1958/59, the first national survey was conducted in all governorates of Egypt on a sample of 6376 households distributed between urban and rural areas with a percentage of 51.5% and 48.5% respectively. All sample households were observed for the entire survey period (12 month).
The second survey was held in 1964/65 on a sample of 13818 households allocated between urban and rural areas such as 67.6% for urban and 32.4%for rural households. With the aim of reducing the burden on surveyed households, the whole sample was divided into four sub-samples where households of each sub-sample were observed for only three consecutive months.
In 1974/75, the third survey was carried out on a sample of 11995 households allocated between urban and rural areas in a similar way as the second survey. Like the second survey, households were observed only for three successive months.
In 1981/82, the fourth survey was conducted on a sample of 17000 households distributed equally between urban and rural areas. A new observation methodology, combining fixed and changeable observation of surveyed households, has been applied. A sub-sample of 1000 households was observed all over the survey period (12 months) while the remaining 16000 households were observed on a changeable basis.
In 1990/91, the name of household budgetary survey changed to income, expenditure and consumption survey. Under the new name, the fifth survey was conducted on a sample of 15000 households distributed between urban and rural areas with the percentage of 60% for urban and 40% for rural. The entire sample was divided into 12 sub-samples, each were observed for only one month.
In 1995/96, the sixth survey was conducted on a sample of 15090 households allocated between urban and rural areas such as 45.1% in urban and 54.9% in rural. The same observation scheme of the previous survey was applied, i.e., households were observed for one month only.
In 1999/2000, the seventh survey was conducted on a sample of 48000 households (4000 household monthly) distributed between urban and rural areas with the percentage of 60% for urban and 40% for rural.(households were observed for one month only).
The latest survey (the eighth in the series) was conducted in 2004/2005 on a sample of 48000 households (4000 households monthly) distributed in urban and rural areas with percentage of 46.4% for urban and 53.6% for rural.
Abstract
THE CLEANED AND HARMONIZED VERSION OF THE SURVEY DATA PRODUCED AND PUBLISHED BY THE ECONOMIC RESEARCH FORUM REPRESENTS 100% OF THE ORIGINAL SURVEY DATA COLLECTED BY THE CENTRAL AGENCY FOR PUBLIC MOBILIZATION AND STATISTICS (CAPMAS)
Income, Expenditure and Consumption Surveys assume a prime importance among all household surveys undertaken by the national statistical offices all over the world. On the basis of such surveys, the standard of living of both households and individuals can be measured. Determining poverty line and setting up a basis for social welfare assistance depend on these surveys. In addition, weights for consumer price index which in turn is an important measure of inflation are derived from such surveys.
Egypt has recognized the greatest importance of these surveys long time ago, the current HIECS 2004/2005 is the eighth Household Income, Expenditure and Consumption Survey that was carried out in 2004/2005, on a sample of 48000 households, among a long series of similar surveys that started back in 1955, and followed by several surveys.
The survey main objectives are:
To identify expenditure levels and patterns of population as well as socio-economic and demographic differentials.
To estimate the quantities, values of commodities and services consumed by households during the survey period to determine the levels of consumption and estimate the current demand which is an important input for national planning.
Current and past demand estimates are utilized to predict future demands.
To measure mean household and per-capita expenditure for various expenditure items along with socio-economic correlates.
To define percentage distribution of expenditure for various items used in compiling consumer price indices which is considered important indicator for measuring inflation.
To define mean household and per-capita income from different sources.
To provide data necessary to measure standard of living for households and individuals. Poverty analysis and setting up a basis for social welfare assistance are highly dependent on the results of this survey.
To provide essential data to measure elasticity which reflects the percentage change in expenditure for various commodity and service groups against the percentage change in total expenditure for the purpose of predicting the levels of expenditure and consumption for different commodity and service items in urban and rural areas.
To provide data essential for comparing change in expenditure against change in income to measure income elasticity of expenditure.
To study the relationships between demographic, geographical, housing characteristics of households and their income and expenditure for commodities and services.
To provide data necessary for national accounts especially in compiling inputs and outputs tables.
To identify consumers behavior changes among socio-economic groups in urban and rural areas.
To identify per capita food consumption and its main components of calories, proteins and fats according to its sources and the levels of expenditure in both urban and rural areas.
To identify the value of expenditure for food according to sources, either from household production or not, in addition to household expenditure for non food commodities and services.
To identify distribution of households according to the possession of some appliances and equipments such as (cars, satellites, mobiles ...) in urban and rural areas.
To identify the percentage distribution of income recipients according to some background variables such as housing conditions, size of household and characteristics of head of household.
It is the first time that the Household Income, Expenditure and Consumption Survey implies the following issues:
1- The use of the classification of individual consumption according to purpose (COICOP) in designing the expenditure and consumption questionnaire.
2- The inclusion of the main sales outlets of food and beverages.
3- The addition of school enrollment (6+ years) to the household schedule.
4- The inclusion of expenditure for used commodities (durables and semi durables).
5- The addition of data related to change in assets owned by the household during the reference year.
The raw survey data provided by the Statistical Agency were cleaned and harmonized by the Economic Research Forum, in the context of a major project that started in 2009. During which extensive efforts have been exerted to acquire, clean, harmonize, preserve and disseminate micro data of existing household surveys in several Arab countries.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
1- Household/family.
2- Individual/person.
2- Individual/person.
Version
Version Description
V1.0: A cleaned and a harmonized version of the survey dataset, produced by the Economic Research Forum for dissemination.
V2.0: A cleaned and a harmonized version of the survey dataset, including all variables in V1.0 in addition to a number of new/detailed-composite coded version of the variables considered essential on the household as well as the individual level, produced by the Economic Research Forum for dissemination.
V2.0: A cleaned and a harmonized version of the survey dataset, including all variables in V1.0 in addition to a number of new/detailed-composite coded version of the variables considered essential on the household as well as the individual level, produced by the Economic Research Forum for dissemination.
Production
Date
2014-08
Version Notes
All documentation available for the original survey provided by the Statistical Agency, and for the harmonized datasets produced by the Economic Research Forum, has been published, along with a copy of all international classifications of expenditures, occupations and economic activities used during the harmonization process.
However, as far as the datasets are concerned, the Economic Research Forum produces and releases only the harmonized versions in both SPSS and STATA formats.
However, as far as the datasets are concerned, the Economic Research Forum produces and releases only the harmonized versions in both SPSS and STATA formats.
Scope
Notes
Household: Includes geographic, social, and economic characteristics of households, namely, household composition, dwelling characteristics, ownership of assets indicators, heads' and spouses' characteristics, annual household expenditure and income.
Individual: Includes demographic, migration, education, labor and health characteristics, as well as annual income for household members identified as earners. Moreover, fathers' and mothers' characteristics are generated for household members if possible.
Individual: Includes demographic, migration, education, labor and health characteristics, as well as annual income for household members identified as earners. Moreover, fathers' and mothers' characteristics are generated for household members if possible.
Topics
| Topic | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Poverty | ERF |
| Expenditure | ERF |
| Income | ERF |
| Infrastructure | ERF |
| Education | ERF |
| Labor | ERF |
| Health | ERF |
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
Covering a sample of urban and rural areas in all the governorates.
Universe
The survey covered a national sample of households and all individuals permanently residing in surveyed households.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum | |
| Central Agency For Public Mobilization & Statistics | Egypt |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
THE CLEANED AND HARMONIZED VERSION OF THE SURVEY DATA PRODUCED AND PUBLISHED BY THE ECONOMIC RESEARCH FORUM REPRESENTS 100% OF THE ORIGINAL SURVEY DATA COLLECTED BY THE CENTRAL AGENCY FOR PUBLIC MOBILIZATION AND STATISTICS (CAPMAS)
The sample of the Household Income, Expenditure and Consumption Survey (HIECS) of 2004/2005 is a multi-stage stratified cluster sample and self-weighted to the practical extent. Its designed size is 48000 households allocated among governorates and their urban/rural components in proportion to size. The sample was selected in three stages (the second stage is considered dummy), the first two stages is related to the Master Sample which has been drawn directly before the fieldwork of HIECS started. The third sampling stage concerns with the selection of a sample of 40 households from each Master Sample Areas (1200 areas with approximately 700 households in each).
The Master Sample (1200 areas) has been allocated among the governorates of Egypt, with its urban/rural components, in proportion with the estimated size of households of every stratum (governorate) and substratum (urban/rural populations).
At the first sampling stage, the shiakha in urban and village in rural are considered the smallest administrative divisions for which census data are available. Therefore such divisions were considered Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) for urban and rural samples of all governorates respectively. Small towns which are not further subdivided into smaller administrative units are dealt with as urban PSUs. While the larger shiakhas or towns were subdivided into several PSUs using the 1996 census data. At the contrary, a village with less than 600 households in 1996 (700 households at present) was joined to the adjacent village so as to make certain that all PSUs are greater than 600 households in 1996. Subsequently, the sampling frames of the first stage sample of urban/rural substrata for all governorates were formed. Implicit stratification was introduced to both urban and rural frames.
At the second stage of sampling, a single area segment was selected following the equal probability selection method. A field operation has been carried out for the purpose of creating a household list for each selected second stage sample segment.
In the third sampling stage representing the final stage, 40 households were selected from each area segment selected in the second sampling stage of the master sample.
With the aim of reducing the field efforts it was deemed efficient to limit the spread of the household sample over the entire area segments by sampling clusters of 5 households each instead of sampling individual households directly.
It is worth mentioning that the method of systematic selection will jeopardize the property of equal probability selection as each household in the list still has 40 chances of being selected in the sample.
A more detailed description of the different sampling stages and allocation of sample across governorates is provided in the Methodology document available among the documentation materials published in both Arabic and English.
Response Rate
For the total sample, the response rate was 96.76% (94.58% in urban areas and 98.72% in rural areas).
Response rates on the governorate level in urban and rural areas are presented in the methodology document attached to the documentation materials published in both Arabic and English.
Response rates on the governorate level in urban and rural areas are presented in the methodology document attached to the documentation materials published in both Arabic and English.
Weighting
Although the sample has been designed to be a self-weighted, the size variability of the secondary stage units (area segments) around 700 households has resulted in an overall sampling rate, which is rather different from one area segment to another. Consequently, weights have been incorporated in extracting survey estimates. The overall weight is a composite of the design and response weights.
The procedures for calculating the weights and variances are described in details in the methodology technical document attached to the documentation materials published in both Arabic and English.
The procedures for calculating the weights and variances are described in details in the methodology technical document attached to the documentation materials published in both Arabic and English.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2004-07-01 | 2005-06-30 | - |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Supervision
The field staff was selected from among the efficient experienced persons.
Intensive training program for supervisors was conducted at CAPMAS in Cairo and locally in governorates for interviewers and field editors.
Supervision program was implemented monthly in all governorates to check the field work.
Data were collected by using personal interview method for household in dwelling and it had been obtained from the head of household or wife or any eligible person in case of their absence.
Duties and responsibilities of all levels of field staff (interviewer, editor and supervisor) were defined to insure the accuracy and timing. These are outlined next:
A- Interviewers
--------------------
Every one of them was responsible for data collection of ten households monthly with ten visits as follows:
(1) First visit
It started before the survey month by one or two days. Its purpose is to ensure the existence of the household, meet the head of household, present herself and her CAPMAS card to him. She also gives the household a simple idea about the survey (its objectives, importance and required data especially expenditure and consumption data).
Showing households the methods of recording their daily data and knowing the suitable time for visiting them. Also delivering the diary book to the household.
In case of the household refusal of cooperating with the interviewer, she has to convince them and if she failed she must inform her supervisor.
(2) Second and third visit
These visits are made in the middle and end of the first week, in these visits:
The interviewer edits the recorded data of expenditure and consumption in the diary book by the household.
Completing the data of the third table related with the quantity and value of clothing and footwear that the household obtained and table four related to household expenditure on housing, water, electricity, gas, and other fuel.
(3) Fourth and fifth visits
They are the same as the previous visits but made in the second week. In addition to checking household recording of expenditure, the interviewer is to complete the following tables:
The Fifth table: related to household expenditure on furnishings, household equipment and routine maintenance of the house.
The Sixth table : related to household expenditure on health.
The Seventh table: related to household expenditure on transportation.
(4) Six and seventh visit
These visits were in the third week and it includes the following:
Recording or editing the recorded data of expenditure and consumption during the third week and following up recording data of expenditure outside the home on catering services.
Completing these tables:
The Eighth table : related to household expenditure on communication.
The Ninth table : related to household expenditure on recreation and cultural services.
The Tenth table : related to household expenditure on education.
(5) Eighth and ninth visit
This eighth visit was in the middle of the fourth week and the ninth visit was at the first day of the following month of survey month. It included the followings:
Recording or editing the recorded data of expenditure and consumption of commodities and services in diary questionnaire during the following days of previous visit.
Following up recording the data of expenditure on restaurants, coffees and hotels.
Completing the data of the Eleventh table related to household consumption on restaurants, coffees and hotels and completing the data of the Twelfth table related to household expenditure on miscellaneous goods and services and the Second table related to actual household consumption of alcoholic beverages, tobacco and narcotics.
Completing the first Table related to the quantity and value of food and beverages actually consumed during the survey period.
Completing the thirteenth table related to transfer payments during the year ended with survey period.
Editing data of expenditure and writing clarification notes of any inconsistencies in the data.
(6) Tenth visit
It is made in the beginning of the month following the survey month. It includes the following:.
Completing the missing data.
Filling down the income data for individuals having income in the household except servants.
B- Editor
------------
The Editor was responsible for checking the work of the interviewers working immediately under his guidance.
C- Supervisor
-----------------
They were responsible for financial and technical aspects of all the survey stages especially:
Selecting interviewers (females) and editors (males) and send the list of their names to the administration of survey.
Attending the central training in Cairo.
Training the interviewers on field work .
Intensive training program for supervisors was conducted at CAPMAS in Cairo and locally in governorates for interviewers and field editors.
Supervision program was implemented monthly in all governorates to check the field work.
Data were collected by using personal interview method for household in dwelling and it had been obtained from the head of household or wife or any eligible person in case of their absence.
Duties and responsibilities of all levels of field staff (interviewer, editor and supervisor) were defined to insure the accuracy and timing. These are outlined next:
A- Interviewers
--------------------
Every one of them was responsible for data collection of ten households monthly with ten visits as follows:
(1) First visit
It started before the survey month by one or two days. Its purpose is to ensure the existence of the household, meet the head of household, present herself and her CAPMAS card to him. She also gives the household a simple idea about the survey (its objectives, importance and required data especially expenditure and consumption data).
Showing households the methods of recording their daily data and knowing the suitable time for visiting them. Also delivering the diary book to the household.
In case of the household refusal of cooperating with the interviewer, she has to convince them and if she failed she must inform her supervisor.
(2) Second and third visit
These visits are made in the middle and end of the first week, in these visits:
The interviewer edits the recorded data of expenditure and consumption in the diary book by the household.
Completing the data of the third table related with the quantity and value of clothing and footwear that the household obtained and table four related to household expenditure on housing, water, electricity, gas, and other fuel.
(3) Fourth and fifth visits
They are the same as the previous visits but made in the second week. In addition to checking household recording of expenditure, the interviewer is to complete the following tables:
The Fifth table: related to household expenditure on furnishings, household equipment and routine maintenance of the house.
The Sixth table : related to household expenditure on health.
The Seventh table: related to household expenditure on transportation.
(4) Six and seventh visit
These visits were in the third week and it includes the following:
Recording or editing the recorded data of expenditure and consumption during the third week and following up recording data of expenditure outside the home on catering services.
Completing these tables:
The Eighth table : related to household expenditure on communication.
The Ninth table : related to household expenditure on recreation and cultural services.
The Tenth table : related to household expenditure on education.
(5) Eighth and ninth visit
This eighth visit was in the middle of the fourth week and the ninth visit was at the first day of the following month of survey month. It included the followings:
Recording or editing the recorded data of expenditure and consumption of commodities and services in diary questionnaire during the following days of previous visit.
Following up recording the data of expenditure on restaurants, coffees and hotels.
Completing the data of the Eleventh table related to household consumption on restaurants, coffees and hotels and completing the data of the Twelfth table related to household expenditure on miscellaneous goods and services and the Second table related to actual household consumption of alcoholic beverages, tobacco and narcotics.
Completing the first Table related to the quantity and value of food and beverages actually consumed during the survey period.
Completing the thirteenth table related to transfer payments during the year ended with survey period.
Editing data of expenditure and writing clarification notes of any inconsistencies in the data.
(6) Tenth visit
It is made in the beginning of the month following the survey month. It includes the following:.
Completing the missing data.
Filling down the income data for individuals having income in the household except servants.
B- Editor
------------
The Editor was responsible for checking the work of the interviewers working immediately under his guidance.
C- Supervisor
-----------------
They were responsible for financial and technical aspects of all the survey stages especially:
Selecting interviewers (females) and editors (males) and send the list of their names to the administration of survey.
Attending the central training in Cairo.
Training the interviewers on field work .
Data Collection Notes
The Preparation stage for the survey has started on 1/1/2004; the coordination among all stages of survey implementation has been taken into consideration. The activities of office editing, coding, data processing and validation were held at the same time with data collection, preliminary tabulations have been generated quarterly for the purpose of checking survey results which have been contrasted with the corresponding results of the previous survey. Moreover survey results are published in a new format which is different from its predecessors.
The survey period of the HIECS 2004/2005 extends around 12 month-period, starting from July 2004 and ending in June 2005.
Households were observed for one month.
The reference period over which data was collected varies according to the type of data item as follows:
Month: for expenditure on food and beverages, alcoholic beverages, tobacco and narcotics, housing and its accessories goods and services for routine household maintenance, health, operation of personal transport equipments, transport services, restaurants and hotels, personal care and other services n.e.c.
Quarterly: ending with the survey month for expenditure on health, communication.
Annually: ending with the survey month for expenditure for clothing and footwear, housing and its accessories, furnishings, household equipments and routine maintenance of the house , health, transport, communication, recreation and culture, education, restaurants and hotels and miscellaneous goods and services.
It is worth noting that in some cases the groups of commodities or services include more than one period such as health which has monthly, quarterly and annually items depending upon the consumption frequency of these items.
The survey period of the HIECS 2004/2005 extends around 12 month-period, starting from July 2004 and ending in June 2005.
Households were observed for one month.
The reference period over which data was collected varies according to the type of data item as follows:
Month: for expenditure on food and beverages, alcoholic beverages, tobacco and narcotics, housing and its accessories goods and services for routine household maintenance, health, operation of personal transport equipments, transport services, restaurants and hotels, personal care and other services n.e.c.
Quarterly: ending with the survey month for expenditure on health, communication.
Annually: ending with the survey month for expenditure for clothing and footwear, housing and its accessories, furnishings, household equipments and routine maintenance of the house , health, transport, communication, recreation and culture, education, restaurants and hotels and miscellaneous goods and services.
It is worth noting that in some cases the groups of commodities or services include more than one period such as health which has monthly, quarterly and annually items depending upon the consumption frequency of these items.
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| Central Agency For Public Mobilization & Statistics | CAPMAS | Egypt |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
Three different questionnaires have been designed as following:
1- Expenditure and consumption questionnaire.
2- Diary questionnaire for expenditure and consumption.
3- Income questionnaire.
In designing the questionnaires of expenditure, consumption and income, we were taking into our consideration the following:
- Using the recent concepts and definitions of International Labor Organization approved in the International Convention of Labor Statisticians held in Geneva, 2003.
- Using the recent Classification of Individual Consumption according to Purpose (COICOP).
- Using more than one approach of expenditure measurement to serve many purposes of the survey.
A brief description of each questionnaire is given next:
1- Expenditure and Consumption Questionnaire
----------------------------------------------------------
This questionnaire comprises 14 tables in addition to identification and geographic data of household on the cover page. The questionnaire is divided into two main sections.
Section one: Household schedule and other information. It includes:
- Demographic characteristics and basic data for all household individuals consisting of 16 questions for every person.
- Members of household who are currently working abroad.
- The household ration card.
- The main outlets that provide food and beverage.
- Domestic and foreign tourism.
- The housing conditions including 15 questions.
- Means of transportation used to go to work or school.
- The household possession of appliances and means of transportation.
- This section includes some questions which help to define the social and economic level of households which in turn, help interviewers to check the plausibility of expenditure, consumption and income data.
Section two: Expenditure and consumption data It includes 14 tables as follows:
- The quantity and value of food and beverages commodities actually consumed.
- The quantity and value of the actual consumption of alcoholic beverages, tobacco and narcotics.
- The quantity and value of the clothing and footwear.
- The household expenditure for housing.
- The household expenditure for furnishings, household equipment and routine maintenance of the house.
- The household expenditure for health care services.
- The household expenditure for transportation.
- The household expenditure for communication.
- The household expenditure for recreation and culture.
- The household expenditure for education.
- The household expenditure at restaurants and hotels.
- The household expenditure for miscellaneous goods and services.
- Transfer payments.
- Total annual household expenditure (prepared in office)
The tables from 1 to 13 include all types of commodities and services (746 Items), 47 Sub-group and 12 Main groups in addition to transfer payments.
This questionnaire has been designed to be pre coded for all expenditure items and household characteristics except occupation and industry. Whenever relevant, the questionnaire provides spaces for different reference periods such as two weeks, monthly, quarterly and annually.
The total number of items is 746 commodity and service comparing with 587 in the last survey.
2 - Diary Questionnaire
-----------------------------
It has been prepared to help households recording - on a daily basis- the quantity and value of what have been consumed of food and beverages during the reference period (the survey month).
The interviewers are instructed to check what households have recorded in the preceding three days. In case of the inability of some households to record their daily expenditure, the interviewer has to do so.
The questionnaire includes:
a- Letter addressed to the head of household to inform him/her about the importance of survey so that his/her cooperation may be stimulated.
b- Instructions of data recording for households and interviewers.
c- Twenty pages to record the daily consumed, quantity and value of food and beverages including date, source of commodities, quantity and value.
d- Eight pages to record the value of expenditure for meals and tobacco outside the house, in addition to the value of expenditure for food prepared outside the house and consumed inside the house.
e- Four pages to record the total of quantity and value of consumed food and beverages according to source, either from household production or not.
f- Two pages to record total expenditure on food and beverages consumed outside home.
3- Income questionnaire
-------------------------------
It includes household income data according to income sources.
It consists of several tables; each is designated to a specific income source. These sources are:
- Wages and salaries for wage/salary earners among household members.
- Agriculture and non Agriculture projects.
- Financial properties.
- Non- financial properties.
- Imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings.
- Received cash and in kind transfers
A new table has been added for absent household members who spent a part of the survey year with the household and contributed in its aggregated income during that period. Absence of a household member can be for several reasons such as traveling, marriage, death, etc.
1- Expenditure and consumption questionnaire.
2- Diary questionnaire for expenditure and consumption.
3- Income questionnaire.
In designing the questionnaires of expenditure, consumption and income, we were taking into our consideration the following:
- Using the recent concepts and definitions of International Labor Organization approved in the International Convention of Labor Statisticians held in Geneva, 2003.
- Using the recent Classification of Individual Consumption according to Purpose (COICOP).
- Using more than one approach of expenditure measurement to serve many purposes of the survey.
A brief description of each questionnaire is given next:
1- Expenditure and Consumption Questionnaire
----------------------------------------------------------
This questionnaire comprises 14 tables in addition to identification and geographic data of household on the cover page. The questionnaire is divided into two main sections.
Section one: Household schedule and other information. It includes:
- Demographic characteristics and basic data for all household individuals consisting of 16 questions for every person.
- Members of household who are currently working abroad.
- The household ration card.
- The main outlets that provide food and beverage.
- Domestic and foreign tourism.
- The housing conditions including 15 questions.
- Means of transportation used to go to work or school.
- The household possession of appliances and means of transportation.
- This section includes some questions which help to define the social and economic level of households which in turn, help interviewers to check the plausibility of expenditure, consumption and income data.
Section two: Expenditure and consumption data It includes 14 tables as follows:
- The quantity and value of food and beverages commodities actually consumed.
- The quantity and value of the actual consumption of alcoholic beverages, tobacco and narcotics.
- The quantity and value of the clothing and footwear.
- The household expenditure for housing.
- The household expenditure for furnishings, household equipment and routine maintenance of the house.
- The household expenditure for health care services.
- The household expenditure for transportation.
- The household expenditure for communication.
- The household expenditure for recreation and culture.
- The household expenditure for education.
- The household expenditure at restaurants and hotels.
- The household expenditure for miscellaneous goods and services.
- Transfer payments.
- Total annual household expenditure (prepared in office)
The tables from 1 to 13 include all types of commodities and services (746 Items), 47 Sub-group and 12 Main groups in addition to transfer payments.
This questionnaire has been designed to be pre coded for all expenditure items and household characteristics except occupation and industry. Whenever relevant, the questionnaire provides spaces for different reference periods such as two weeks, monthly, quarterly and annually.
The total number of items is 746 commodity and service comparing with 587 in the last survey.
2 - Diary Questionnaire
-----------------------------
It has been prepared to help households recording - on a daily basis- the quantity and value of what have been consumed of food and beverages during the reference period (the survey month).
The interviewers are instructed to check what households have recorded in the preceding three days. In case of the inability of some households to record their daily expenditure, the interviewer has to do so.
The questionnaire includes:
a- Letter addressed to the head of household to inform him/her about the importance of survey so that his/her cooperation may be stimulated.
b- Instructions of data recording for households and interviewers.
c- Twenty pages to record the daily consumed, quantity and value of food and beverages including date, source of commodities, quantity and value.
d- Eight pages to record the value of expenditure for meals and tobacco outside the house, in addition to the value of expenditure for food prepared outside the house and consumed inside the house.
e- Four pages to record the total of quantity and value of consumed food and beverages according to source, either from household production or not.
f- Two pages to record total expenditure on food and beverages consumed outside home.
3- Income questionnaire
-------------------------------
It includes household income data according to income sources.
It consists of several tables; each is designated to a specific income source. These sources are:
- Wages and salaries for wage/salary earners among household members.
- Agriculture and non Agriculture projects.
- Financial properties.
- Non- financial properties.
- Imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings.
- Received cash and in kind transfers
A new table has been added for absent household members who spent a part of the survey year with the household and contributed in its aggregated income during that period. Absence of a household member can be for several reasons such as traveling, marriage, death, etc.
Data Processing
Data Editing
Raw Data
=======
Office Editing:
It is one of the main stages of the survey. It started as soon as the questionnaires were received from the field and accomplished by selected work groups. It includes:
a- Editing of coverage and completeness
b- Editing of consistency
c- Arithmetic editing of quantities and values.
Data Coding:
Specialized staff has coded the data of industry, occupation and geographical identification.
Data Processing and preparing final results
It included machine data entry, data validation and tabulation and preparing final survey volumes.
Harmonized Data
============
- The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) is used to clean and harmonize the datasets.
- The harmonization process starts with cleaning all raw data files received from the Statistical Agency.
- Cleaned data files are then all merged to produce one data file on the individual level containing all variables subject to harmonization.
- A country-specific program is generated for each dataset to generate/compute /recode/rename/format/label harmonized variables.
- A post-harmonization cleaning process is then conducted on the data.
- Harmonized data is saved on the household as well as the individual level, in SPSS and converted to STATA format.
=======
Office Editing:
It is one of the main stages of the survey. It started as soon as the questionnaires were received from the field and accomplished by selected work groups. It includes:
a- Editing of coverage and completeness
b- Editing of consistency
c- Arithmetic editing of quantities and values.
Data Coding:
Specialized staff has coded the data of industry, occupation and geographical identification.
Data Processing and preparing final results
It included machine data entry, data validation and tabulation and preparing final survey volumes.
Harmonized Data
============
- The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) is used to clean and harmonize the datasets.
- The harmonization process starts with cleaning all raw data files received from the Statistical Agency.
- Cleaned data files are then all merged to produce one data file on the individual level containing all variables subject to harmonization.
- A country-specific program is generated for each dataset to generate/compute /recode/rename/format/label harmonized variables.
- A post-harmonization cleaning process is then conducted on the data.
- Harmonized data is saved on the household as well as the individual level, in SPSS and converted to STATA format.
Data Appraisal
Estimates of Sampling Error
The sampling error of major survey estimates has been derived using the Ultimate Cluster Method as applied in the CENVAR Module of the Integrated Microcomputer Processing System (IMPS) Package. In addition to the estimate of sampling error, the output includes estimates of coefficient of variation, design effect (DEFF) and 95% confidence intervals.
Tables A1 through A6 in the Methodology document attached to the documentation materials published in both Arabic and English present measures of sampling errors for major survey results.
Tables A1 through A6 in the Methodology document attached to the documentation materials published in both Arabic and English present measures of sampling errors for major survey results.
Data Appraisal
Quality Control Procedures:
The precision of survey results depends to a large extent on how the survey has been prepared for. As such, it was deemed crucial to exert much effort and to take necessary actions towards rigorous preparation for the present survey. The preparatory activities, extended over a year, included forming Technical Committee from representatives of pertinent ministers and universities. They are ministry of planning, Faculty of Economic and Political Sciences and Cabinet in addition to the Central Agency of Public Mobilization and Statistics. The Committee has set up the general framework of survey implementation such as:
1- Applying the recent international recommendations of different concepts and definitions of income and expenditure considering maintaining the consistency with the previous surveys in order to compare and study the changes in pertinent indicators.
2- Evaluating the quality of data in all different Implementation stages to avoid or minimize errors to the lowest extent possible through:
- Implementing field editing after finishing data collection for households in governorates to avoid any errors in suitable time.
- Setting up a program for the Survey Technical Committee Members and survey staff for visiting field work in all governorates (each 15 days) to solve any problem in the proper time.
- Re-interviewing a sample of households by Quality Control Department and examining the differences with the original responses.
- For the purpose of quality assurance, tables were generated for each survey round where internal consistency checks were performed to study the plausibility of mean household expenditure on major expenditure commodity groups and its variability over major geographic regions. In addition, an external consistency checks were performed to study the reasonableness of changes in mean household expenditure, broken down by commodity group, since 1999/2000. To this end, corresponding tables have been extracted from the previous 1999/2000 survey.
The precision of survey results depends to a large extent on how the survey has been prepared for. As such, it was deemed crucial to exert much effort and to take necessary actions towards rigorous preparation for the present survey. The preparatory activities, extended over a year, included forming Technical Committee from representatives of pertinent ministers and universities. They are ministry of planning, Faculty of Economic and Political Sciences and Cabinet in addition to the Central Agency of Public Mobilization and Statistics. The Committee has set up the general framework of survey implementation such as:
1- Applying the recent international recommendations of different concepts and definitions of income and expenditure considering maintaining the consistency with the previous surveys in order to compare and study the changes in pertinent indicators.
2- Evaluating the quality of data in all different Implementation stages to avoid or minimize errors to the lowest extent possible through:
- Implementing field editing after finishing data collection for households in governorates to avoid any errors in suitable time.
- Setting up a program for the Survey Technical Committee Members and survey staff for visiting field work in all governorates (each 15 days) to solve any problem in the proper time.
- Re-interviewing a sample of households by Quality Control Department and examining the differences with the original responses.
- For the purpose of quality assurance, tables were generated for each survey round where internal consistency checks were performed to study the plausibility of mean household expenditure on major expenditure commodity groups and its variability over major geographic regions. In addition, an external consistency checks were performed to study the reasonableness of changes in mean household expenditure, broken down by commodity group, since 1999/2000. To this end, corresponding tables have been extracted from the previous 1999/2000 survey.
Access policy
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum | (ERF) | erfdataportal@erf.org.eg | www.erf.org.eg |
Contacts
| Name | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum (ERF) - 21 Al-Sad Al-Aaly St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt | erfdataportal@erf.org.eg | www.erf.org.eg |
Confidentiality
To access the micro data, researchers are required to register on the ERF website and comply with the data access agreement.
The data will be used only for scholarly, research, or educational purposes. Users are prohibited from using data acquired from the Economic Research Forum in the pursuit of any commercial or private ventures.
Access conditions
Licensed datasets, accessible under conditions.
Citation requirements
The users should cite the Economic Research Forum and Central Agency For Public Mobilization & Statistics as follows:
OAMDI, 2014. Harmonized Household Income and Expenditure Surveys (HHIES), http://www.erf.org.eg/cms.php?id=erfdataportal. Version 2.0 of Licensed Data Files; HIECS 2004/2005 - Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS). Egypt: Economic Research Forum (ERF).
OAMDI, 2014. Harmonized Household Income and Expenditure Surveys (HHIES), http://www.erf.org.eg/cms.php?id=erfdataportal. Version 2.0 of Licensed Data Files; HIECS 2004/2005 - Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS). Egypt: Economic Research Forum (ERF).
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The Economic Research Forum and the Central Agency For Public Mobilization & Statistics have granted the researcher access to relevant data following exhaustive efforts to protect the confidentiality of individual data. The researcher is solely responsible for any analysis or conclusions drawn from available data.
Copyright
(c) 2014, Economic Research Forum | (c) 2005, CAPMAS, Egypt
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
EGY_HIECS_2004_HD_V2.0
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum | ERF | Cleaning and harmonizing raw data received from the Statistical Agency |
Date of Metadata Production
2014-08
DDI Document version
Version 2.0